Building material and the like



N. P. HARSHBERGER BUILDING MATERIAL AND THE LIKE Original Filed June 22, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 V INVENTOR jVflrman fiflamzfiqg'er BY ATTORNEY May 21, 1940 May 21, 1940- N. P. HARSHBERGER BUILDING MATERIAL AND THE LIKE Original Filed June 22, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented May 21, 1940 UNITED STATES 2,201,175 BUILDING MATERIAL AND THE LIKE Norman P. Harshberger, Scarsdale, N. Y., assign-' or to Bakelite Building Products Co. Inc., New York, N. Y., a-corporation of Delaware Original application June 22, 1935, Serial No.

27,989, which is a division of application Serial No. 484,079, September 24, 1930. Divided and this application April 17, 1937, Serial No.

9 Claims.

This invention relates to roofing and siding elements, to surface coverings thereof, and to methods of making such material, and is a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 27,989, filed June 22, 1935, which, in turn, is a division of my Patent No. 2,006,270, granted June, 25, 1935, upon an application filed September 24, 1930, bearing Serial No. 484,079. More par- 10 ticularly, the invention is directed to a composite structure comprising waterproof covering material and a porous or cellular sheet-like heat and cold insulating layer whereby to obtain a product and surface covering of especially high.

insulation value. The invention further contemplates a novel interlock and emphasized shingle and butt effects.

It is one of the objects of the invention to provide improvedroofing and siding elements, including a facing manufactured from the usual composition material, for instance, a waterproofed' fibrous base having a granular surfacing, for instance, of slate or similar materials held to the base by a suitable adhesive binder.

It is a further object of this invention to provide roofing and siding elements which are formed and cut in a novel manner so as to be capable of simulating a plurality of figures when applied to building and having emphasized butt effects.

A further object of the invention-is to provide improved roofing and siding elements of composite structure to furnish maximum protection in weather exposure.

An additional object of the invention is to provide composition building material utilizing a plurality of thicknesses to obtain unusual rigidity at the exposed portions of the material and effectively withstand action of the weather'thereon.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide roofing and siding elements of high insulating character through the provision-of a strata of fibrousor mineral material, for in-' stance, cork, having especially high insulating .characteristics.

A more specific object is to provide a composite element of high insulation value which comprises an insulating "layer, for instance, cork, in the form of a filler piece between layers of composition roofing.

Another object of the invention is the provision of roofing elements having a mortise at one end anda tenon at the other, which elements may be.

'55 assembled in courses to form a continuous covering and creating mortise and tenon joints between the adjacent elements in a course.

A further object of the invention is to provide a siding covering simulating clapboard siding wherein the elements constitute a composite structure comprising an insulating board layer and a sheet of waterproof composition material.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the improved roofing and 1 siding elements, the manner of assembly and covering made thereof, the method of manufacture, and all parts and combinations thereof, asset forth in the claims and all equivalents thereof. 1 t

In the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals indicate similar parts- Fig. 1 is a plan view of an element comprising an insulating layer and a facing layer;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2- 2 20 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view illustr'ating a method of interconnecting the ends of adjacent elements of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of an assembly of elements of Fig. 1.

Referring to the figures of the drawings, it will be seen that the element herein illustrated comprises a body or weather sheathing 2, which may be a layer of flexible waterproof roofing material surfaced with a layer of adhesive, for instance, asphalt, and having crushed mineral material embedded therein. Adjacent the body layer is a layer B of insulating material, which may be of cork, or may be of anyfibrous or mineral material which will improve the insulat--v ing qualities of the element. This layer preferably constitutes a self-sustaining sheet-like layer having physical properties preferably including stiffness, 'enablingits eflicient use'as a tenon 40 member in the manner disclosed in Fig. 3 of the drawings. As disclosed in the drawings, the layer 6 is preferably of greater thickness than the body layer 2 and provides substantial insulating prop erties, as well as rigidity for the product of which it forms a part. These proportions can be obtained without excessive weight because of the lower density of the insulating layer 6.

In the preferred form of structure, it will be noted that the body portion 2 is formedwith a fold at the lower edge in which to receive the insulating layer 6. In this manner the lower edge of the layer 6 may, if desired, be fully covered and protected from the weather. It will be understood that the upper edgeof the'layer 6 when I weather. '20

uncovered will be covered by the next'overlying element in assembly. Moreover, according to .this mode of construction, any surface ornamentation on the layer 2, may be carried around the butt edge of the layer 6. It will be further understood that in manufacture, the body 2 may be folded upon the layer 6, or the body 2 may be prefolded ready to receive the layer 6.

It will be observed from the drawings that the body layer 2, preferably'forms a continuous layer covering two sides and an edge of the layer 6, in effect, creating a sandwich-type structure. It will be appreciated that a structure of this character will have additional rigidity by reason of the multiple layer composite construction and that the layer 6 will be protected on both faces. More particularly, it will be understood that either side of the product may be exposed to the Various visual and color effects may thus be produced and the elements in the courses may be laid in either'direction starting from the left or right.

Figs. 1 and 3 show the body layer on one side of the insulation layer 6 divided into a plurality of sections 8, preferably integrally connected to the opposite body portion and creating, in effect, shingle-like exposures with a depressed joint between them. The body portion of such a structure may readily be formed from a web of material severed at one edge to create a plurality of tabs similar in character to 4, and the tabs 6 may be folded about the layer 6 in a manner as to cause the upper end of the recesses between tabs to be substantially flush with the lower edge of the layer 6 so that the fold may be made uniformly and without buckling the rear side of the body 2 and to substantially hide from view any out edges of the body material if they be not sealed.

It is preferred that the body layer 2, especially the sections 4, where such are formed, be secured to the layer 6, for instance, by cementing or otherwise. Such, however, is not essential where the parts are held together by the securing means fastening the composite elements to a surface. In

. certain cases where expansion of the layers 2 and 6 might be conducive of buckling if fastened together, it is preferred that the parts be free.

A feature of the invention relats to a composite structure of the above character, which .may be readily assembled. It will be observed from Figs. 1 and 3 that the layer 6 may extend longitudinally beyond one end'of the body 2 to form a projection 8 and may be spaced inwardly longitudinally at the opposite-end of the body 2 so as to provide arecess I0 between the folded portions of the body layer. It will be readily evident from Fig. 3, that elements embodying these features may be assembled end to end, the

of the projection 8 and the depth of the recess I0 will be determined by the portion of the body 2 to be exposed and necessities of the joint. Where sections 4 are to be exposed, it may be desired to continue the formation of the depressed spaces between the portions 4 of adjacent elements, and the projection 8 may then be of a length at least equivalent to the longitudinal depth of the recess l0, plus the width of the space between two sections 4, the end of the layer 6 in the recess portion of the body acting as a registering stop for the opposite end of that layer. It will be expansion.

The elements may be assembled in courses, for

example, in a manner disclosed in Fig. 4, expos-.

ing the sections 4, or they may beassembled in a similar manner with the opposite side of the body 2 forming the exposed facing. Obviously, the adjacent elements in a course will be preferably assembled and interlocked by means of the mortise and tenon joint, which is a feature of the present invention. In this manner, an interlock is obtained and the surface and edge effectat the joint is not marred. Also the mortise end of the element serves to support the tenon end. When lap joints are employed, as will be evident from Fig. 15 of my prior Patent No. 2,006,270,

.no interlock is obtained and, the surface and edge effect is marred by the lapping portions. Also no support is provided and both layers must be fastened, as by nails.

It will also be evident that the rigidity of my elements promotes easy handling prior to and during assembly, and makes assembly of adjacent elements and courses thereof a simple matter. When assembled in the manner indicated, elements of the character here illustrated are adapted to simulate clapboard siding from which an extremely desirable shadow effect will be obtained. Obviously, such a covering will readily resist any tendencies to lift in the wind. Also, by reason of the insulating layer 6, a covering of high insulation character will be obtained.

It will be understood that, in general, it is merely necessary to have the body portion 2 of waterproof character. Where sections l are to be exposed, it is preferred that the layer 6 also be of waterproof character or have that portion exposed in the depressions formed between the sections 4 protected. This may be readily accomplished by a waterproof coating which may also be the cementing means for the sections 4. The exposed portions 4 may also be treated in any of the ways disclosed in my prior Patent No. 2,006,270 to obtain contrasting color effects with the layer 6. It will also be understood that the joining ends of the elements may be treated with cement in assembly should such procedure be desirable.

From the above description, it will be apparent that very novel roofing and siding elements are provided, adapted to provide a heat and cold insulating medium of high character, and provide a surface covering of high weather resistance.

Also means are presented to produce the effect of sharply defined configurations and novel means are included for assembling and interlocking the elements. The Various layers of body material and insulating material combine to produce an extremely desirable covering. It will be obvious that various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art, for example, in the configurations formed, in the method and extent of folding the body portion about the insulating layer, as well as in the method of assembly, without departing from the disclosed features.

Accordingly, it is desired that the invention be 1. A building element comprising a substantially fiat member forming a center core, material secured to both faces of said core and integrally connected at one edge of the core by a line of fold, one face of said element presenting a plurality of raised figures sep y intervening transverse spaces, exposing the center core, one end of said core projecting beyond the same end of the covering material to form a tenon,-

and a second end of said core being spaced back from a second end of said covering material to form a mortise, said element being adapted to form mortise and tenon joints with adjacent elements to form aweather-tight joint to aline the elements and to produce transverse spaces at said joints to form a continuous course of elements presenting a plurality of raised figures separated by intervening spaces.

2. A roofing and siding element comprising a sheathing strip and a filler member, said sheathing strip formed with a fold at the butt edge of the element, and said filler member nesting in said fold, said fold extending beyond the filler the core at one end to form a mortise closed at the butt edge, and said core extending beyond the cover sheet at the opposite end to form a tenon to engage the mortise of another element in the same course in assembly, said cover sheet on the side of said element to be exposed presenting a plurality of raised configurations sepa-- rated by narrow transverse depressions setting off said configurations.

4. A roofing and siding element as claimed in claim 3, wherein the configurations are surfaced with material of a contrasting color from that appearing in the depressions.

5. A surface covering of elements as claimed in claim 3, comprising overlapping courses of said elements arranged with the adjacent elements in the courses interlocked by mortise and tenon joints, said elements also having their butt edges in substantial alignment and having narrow spaces formed at the joints between adjacent elements, whereby to present continuous courses of elements presenting a plurality of raised configurations separated by intervening depressions. I

' 6. A building element as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the portions of the core to be exposed in assembly are surfaced with a water-resistant material.

7. A surface covering comprising elements as claimed in claim 3, wherein said elements are arranged in longitudinal courses with their butt edges in substantial alignment and with their mortise and tenon portions treated with a cementitious material and'interlocked.

8. As an article of manufacture, a roofing and siding element comprising a relatively stiff insulation slab and a weather-resistant sheathing strip abutting the opposite faces of said slab and terminating in a fold at the lower edge thereof, there being a mortise at one end of the element formed by the sheathing material and a tenon form'ed at the other end of the element by the slab, 'the said tenon being adapted to engage with the mortise of a similar element in assembly.

9. An insulated surface covering comprising overlapping courses of building material, each course comprising adjacent sections of cellular insulation material lying substantially in the same place and having sheathing strips of weather resistant material abutting the opposite faces thereof and terminating in a fold at their lower edges;

' the sheathing strip for each insulating section also extending at one end to form a mortise and the insulating section extending beyond the opposite end of the same strip to form a tenon; the mortise and tenon of adjacent insulation sections and sheathing strips being interlocked and said courses being laid with the sheathing strips in a course extending under the next overlying course of insulation sections and strips to form a continuous weather covering of substantial insulation value.

NORMAN P. HABSHIBERGER. 

